Continuous batch tunnel washer and method

ABSTRACT

A method of washing fabric articles in a tunnel washer includes moving the fabric articles from the intake of the washer to the discharge of the washer through first and second sectors that are a pre-wash zone. In the pre-wash zone, liquid is counter flowed in the wash interior along a flow path that is generally opposite the direction of travel of the fabric articles. The fabric articles are transferred to a main wash zone, and a washing chemical is added to the main wash zone. At about the same time, counter flow is reduced or stopped. The main wash zone can be heated as an option. After a period of time (for example, between about 20 and 120 seconds) counter flow is resumed or increased. In the wash zone, this is considered an intermediate rinse. After the wash zone(s), the increased counter flow after chemical treatment amounts to a pre-rinse. This pre-rinse ensures that the fabric articles are substantially free of soil or the majority of any soil and substantially free of chemicals when they are transferred to an extractor for final removal of excess water. A final rinse (second rinse) is conducted during extraction of excess water.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

Priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/046,118,filed Apr. 18, 2008, incorporated herein by reference, is herebyclaimed.

STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT

Not applicable

REFERENCE TO A “MICROFICHE APPENDIX”

Not applicable

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to continuous batch washers or tunnelwashers. More particularly, the present invention relates to an improvedmethod of washing textiles or fabric articles (e.g. clothing, linen,etc.) in a continuous batch tunnel washer wherein the textiles are movedsequentially from one module or zone to the next module or zoneincluding initial pre-wash zones, a plurality of main wash and pre-rinsezones, and then transferred to an extractor that removes water. Moreparticularly, the present invention relates to an improved method ofwashing textiles in a continuous batch tunnel washer wherein a counterflow of wash liquor from one module or zone to the next module or zoneis stopped, allowing for a standing bath. Chemicals are then added toseparate soil from the goods and suspend the soil in the wash liquor.After a period of time, counter flow is commenced again to remove thesuspended soil. The pre-rinsed goods are spray rinsed during extractionof excess water so that soil is not redeposited eliminated graying ofthe goods.

2. General Background of the Invention

Currently, washing in a commercial environment is conducted with acontinuous batch tunnel washer. Such continuous batch tunnel washers areknown (e.g. U.S. Pat. No. 5,454,237) and are commercially available(www.milnor.com). Continuous batch washers have multiple sectors, zones,stages, or modules including pre-wash, wash, rinse and finishing zone.Commercial continuous batch washing machines utilize a constant counterflow of liquor and a centrifugal extractor or mechanical press forremoving most of the liquor from the goods before the goods are dried.Some machines carry the liquid with the goods throughout the particularzone or zones.

Currently, a counter flow is used during the entire time that the fabricarticles or textiles are in the main wash module zone. This practicedilutes the washing chemical and reduces its effectiveness.Additionally, while the bath liquor is being heated, this thermal energyis partially carried away by the counter flow thus wasting energy whilea desired temperature value is achieved.

A final rinse with a continuous batch washer has been performed using acentrifugal extractor or mechanical press. In prior art systems, if acentrifugal extractor is used, it is typically necessary to rotate theextractor at a first low speed that is designed to remove soil ladenwater before a final extract.

Patents have issued that are directed to batch washers or tunnelwashers. The following table provides examples.

TABLE PATENT NO. TITLE ISSUE DATE 4,236,393 Continuous tunnel batchwasher Dec. 02, 1980 4,485,509 Continuous batch type washing Dec. 04,1984 machine and method for operating same 4,522,046 Continuous batchlaundry system Jun. 11, 1985 5,211,039 Continuous batch type washing May18, 1993 machine 5,454,237 Continuous batch type washing Oct. 03, 1995machine

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention improves the current art by reducing waterconsumption, improving rinsing capability, reducing the number ofcomponents required to perform the function of laundering fabricarticles or textiles, and saving valuable floor space in the laundry.

The present invention reduces and/or combines zones, sectors, or modulesand improves the method of processing the textiles. Rinsing is done intwo zones, first in the continuous batch washer itself in anintermediate rinse zone after each main wash zone(s) and a pre-rinse inthe last zone(s). A final rinse is then done in a mechanical waterremoval machine such as a centrifugal extractor or mechanical press.

When the goods are initially transferred into the main wash modules, thecounter flow of wash liquor into the modules is stopped allowing for astanding bath. Chemicals are added to separate the soil from the goodsand suspend the soil in the wash liquor. If needed, the wash liquor tothe separate module bath is raised in temperature to facilitate therelease of soil from the goods and activate the chemicals.

Once the soil has been released from the textiles, there is no more workfor the chemicals to perform. At this time, the process can be describedas “chemical equilibrium”. At this point, water by counter flow iscommenced to remove the suspended soil. This rinsing is termed“intermediate rinse” in the wash zone(s) and a pre-rinse after the lastwash zone. A final rinse can be performed in a centrifugal extractor ormechanical press.

The process of the present invention uses fresh water that can besupplied through an atomizing nozzle while the goods are beingextracted. Because the free soil has already been removed in thepre-rinse zone, the spray rinse while extracting will not re-depositsoil on the linen thereby reducing or eliminating graying of the goods.It is not necessary to centrifuge (and drain at a low speed) the soilladen water before the final extract. With the present invention theprocess time is reduced. The amount of fresh water required comparedwith conventional processes is reduced.

The method of the present invention uses less water than in current artbecause the counter flow is stopped for part of the cycle. The sprayrinse in the centrifugal extractor or mechanical press is more effectivethan the current practice of draining the free water from the linen andthen refilling.

The method of the present invention preserves the washing effectivenessof current counter flow washers to wash heavy soil classificationsbecause the amount of soil dilution is the same even though there areless zones, stages, or modules. The present invention provides a highereffective rinsing provided by the spray rinse in the centrifugalextractor because of the pre-rinse.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

For a further understanding of the nature, objects, and advantages ofthe present invention, reference should be had to the following detaileddescription, read in conjunction with the following drawings, whereinlike reference numerals denote like elements and wherein:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the preferred embodiment of theapparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the preferred embodiment of theapparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the preferred embodiment of theapparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an alternate embodiment of theapparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the alternate embodiment of theapparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a partial perspective view of the alternate embodiment of theapparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a partial perspective view of the preferred embodiment of theapparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a fragmentary perspective view of the alternate embodiment ofthe apparatus of the present invention showing the starch dispensingnozzle tube;

FIG. 9 is a fragmentary perspective view of the alternate embodiment ofthe apparatus of the present invention showing the starch dispensingnozzle tube; and

FIG. 10 is a fragmentary perspective view of the alternate embodiment ofthe apparatus of the present invention showing the starch dispensingnozzle tube.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

FIGS. 1-3 shows a schematic diagram of the textile washing apparatus ofthe present invention, designated generally by the numeral 10. Textilewashing apparatus 10 provides a tunnel washer 11 having an inlet endportion 12 and an outlet end portion 13. In FIG. 1, tunnel washer 11provides a number of modules 14-18. These modules 14-18 can include afirst module 14 and a second module 15 which can be pre-wash modules.The plurality of modules 14-18 can also include modules 16, 17 and 18which are main wash and pre-rinse modules.

The total number of modules 14-18 can be more or less than the five (5)shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 shows an alternate arrangement that employs atunnel washer 11 having eight (8) modules 14-18 and 35-37. FIG. 3 showsan alternate arrangement that employs a tunnel washer 11 having ten (10)modules 14-18 and 35-39. In FIG. 2, the modules 14, 15 can be pre-washmodules. In FIG. 3, modules 14, 15, 16 can be pre-wash modules. In FIG.2, the modules 16, 17, 18 and 35, 36, 37 can be main wash and pre-rinsemodules. In FIG. 3, the modules 17, 18 and 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 can bemain wash and pre-rinse modules. Instead of a two (2) or three (3)module pre-wash section (see FIGS. 1, 2, 3), a single module 14 could beprovided as an alternate option for the pre-wash section.

Inlet end portion 12 can provide a hopper 19 that enables the intake oftextiles or fabric articles to be washed. Such fabric articles,textiles, goods to be washed can include clothing, linens, towels, andthe like. An extractor 20 is positioned next to the outlet end portion13 of tunnel washer 11. Flow lines 21, 25, 26, 27, 27 A are provided foradding water and/or chemicals to tunnel washer 11 as will be describedmore fully hereinafter.

When the fabric articles, goods, linens are initially transferred intothe main wash modules 16, 17, 18, a counter flow of wash liquor intothese modules 16, 17, 18 is reduced, preferably stopped allowing for astanding bath. Chemicals are then added as indicated by arrows 26, 27 tothe modules 16, 17 and/or 18. In FIG. 2, chemicals are added asindicated by arrows 26, 27, 27 A to the modules 16, 17, 18, 35, 36and/or 37. In FIG. 3, chemicals are added to the modules 16-18 and 35-39as indicated by the arrows 26, 27, 27 A. In FIGS. 1-3, these chemicalsseparate the soil from the goods, linens, textiles and suspend the soilin the wash liquor. During this step of the method of the presentinvention, the wash liquor temperature can be elevated if needed tofacilitate the release of soil from the goods, fabric articles or linensand activate the chemicals.

Once the maximum soil has been released from the textiles or fabricarticles, there is no more work for the chemicals to perform. At thistime, the process can be described as chemical equilibrium. The flow ofwater is stopped for a time period sufficient to release soil from thegoods such as for example between about 20 seconds and one hundredtwenty (120) seconds. However, this time interval can be between aboutten (10) and three hundred (300) seconds.

After this time interval of having no counter flow, water by counterflow is commenced to remove the suspended soil. This rinsing can betermed pre-rinse. A final rinse is then performed in a centrifugalextractor or mechanical press 20. The process of the present inventionuses fresh water that can be supplied through an atomizing nozzle forexample while the goods are being extracted using the extractor 20. Theprocess of the present invention uses fresh water in the extractor thatcan be supplied through an atomizing nozzle for example while the goodsare being extracted at high speed (e.g. between about 200 and 1,000 g's)using the extractor 20.

Flow line 21 transmits water to hopper 19 as indicated by arrow 22. Flowline 21 also carries water to pre-wash module 15 as indicated by arrow23. Arrow 24 indicates a flow of water from module 14 to module 15 aspart of the pre-wash.

In FIG. 1, flow line 25 adds water for counter flow pre-rinse to module18. Such water added via flow line 25 to module 18 flows in counter flowfashion from module 18 to module 17 to module 16 (see arrow 25A). Arrows26 and 27 indicate chemical addition to modules 16 and 17 respectively.Chemicals to be added to modules 16 and 17 can include for exampledetergent, alkalaii, and/or oxidizing agents.

In FIG. 2, flow line 25 adds water for counter flow pre-rinse to module37. Such water added via flow line 25 to module 37 flows in counter flowfashion from module 38 to module 37, then 36, then 35, then 18, then tomodule 17 (see arrow 25B).

In FIG. 3, flow line 25 adds water for counter flow pre-rinse to module38. Such water added via flow line 25 to module 38 flows in counter flowfashion from module 38 to module 37, module 36, module 35, module 18,and module 17 (see arrow 25C).

In FIG. 1, textiles or fabric articles that are pre-washed, washed, andthen pre-rinsed in tunnel washer 11 are transferred from module 18 toextractor 20 as indicated schematically by arrow 28. In FIG. 2, thetextiles or fabric articles that are pre-washed, washed, and thenpre-rinsed in tunnel washer 11 are transferred from module 37 toextractor 20 as indicated schematically by arrow 28. In FIG. 3, textilesor fabric articles that are pre-washed, washed, intermediately rinsedand then pre-rinsed in tunnel washer 11 are transferred from module 39to extractor 20 as indicated schematically by arrow 28.

The method of the present invention thus conducts rinsing in two zones.Rinsing is first conducted in the tunnel washer 11 in a pre-rinse zonewhich occurs after the main wash. In FIG. 1, pre-wash zones can be 14,5. The pre-rinse zone and main wash zone can be modules 16, 17, 18. InFIG. 2, the pre-wash zone can be modules 14 and 15 while the main washand pre-rinse zones can be modules 16, 17, 18, 35, 36 and 37. In FIG. 3,the pre-wash zone can be modules 14 and 15 while the main wash andpre-rinse zones can be modules 16, 17, 18, 35, 36, 37, 38 and 39. Thesecond rinse zone is the final rinse, which is conducted in theextractor 20 or other mechanical water removal machine such as amechanical press.

Because the free soil has already been removed in the pre-rinse zone atmodules 16, 17, 18 of FIG. 1 (or 16-18, 35-37 of FIG. 2 or 16-18, 35-39of FIG. 3) as part of the method of the present invention, the sprayrinse while extracting will not redeposit soil on the linen therebyreducing or eliminating graying of the goods. With the present inventionit is not necessary to centrifuge (and drain at a low speed) the soilladen water before the final extract at 20. With the present invention,the process time is thus reduced. The amount of fresh water requiredcompared with conventional processes is reduced. The spray rinse and thecentrifugal extractor 20 or mechanical press is more effective than thecurrent practice of draining the free water from the linen and thenrefilling the extractor 20.

An additional benefit of the pre-rinse concept of the present inventionis to permit the mechanical press or extractor to have more timeextracting the free water. This result follows because the effect of thepre-rinse is to remove most of the suspended soil. The amount of freshwater required for final rinse is thus greatly reduced. The time forrinsing is reduced, allowing this saved cycle time for water removal.

The method of the present invention preserves the washing effectivenessof current counter flow washers 11 to wash heavy soil classificationsbecause the amount of soil dilution is the same even though there arefewer zones or stages or modules.

The present invention provides a higher effective rinsing provided bythe spray rinse 30 and the centrifugal extractor 20 because of thepre-rinse that is conducted in the modules 16, 17, 18 as discussedabove.

FIGS. 4-10 show an alternate embodiment of the apparatus of the presentinvention, designated generally by the numeral 40. The textile washingapparatus 40 of the alternate embodiment can provide the same tunnelwasher 11 of the preferred embodiment having the modules 14-18, 35-39provided in any one of the embodiments of FIGS. 1, 2 or 3. FIG. 4 showsthe embodiment of FIG. 1 having a specially configured starch sprayarrangement.

In FIG. 4, a starch tank 41 contains starch that is to be injected intothe linen, fabric articles, or clothing contained in extractor 20.Starch for the table linen, clothing, fabric articles is pumped in thefirst phase of the cycle through a spray nozzle 60 (see FIGS. 8-10).Controlled flow metering can be achieved for example using an invertercontrolled flow metering device. The precise amount of starch is thusinjected into the linen, fabric articles, clothing or the like while inextractor 20. Excess starch can be removed in a separate tank indicatedas starch recovery tank 52 in FIG. 4. Flow line 53 enables recoveredstarch in tank 52 to be transferred to starch tank 41.

Starch tank 41 contains starch that is to be pumped via flow line 42 tonozzle 60 and then to extractor 20. Fresh water tank 43 can also be usedto pipe fresh water to extractor 20, flowing through valve 45 to nozzle60. Valves 44, 45 and 46 are provided for controlling the flow of eitherstarch or fresh water or a combination thereof to nozzle 60 as shown inFIG. 4.

Flow line 49 is a flow line that carries extracted water to tank 51 asit is purged from the fabric articles, clothing or linens contained inextractor 20. Starch can be recovered via flow lines 49, 50 to starchrecovery tank 52. Valves 44, 47 are provided for valving the flow ofstarch from tank 41 to extractor 20 via flow line 42. Valve 48 enablestank 41 to be emptied for cleaning or adding new starch.

In FIGS. 8-10, starch spray nozzle 60 is shown in more detail. The spraynozzle 60 can provide an elongated section of conduit or pipe 61. Spraynozzle 60 has an influent end 62 and a discharge end portion 63. Conduit61 provides an open ended bore 64 for conveying starch from flow line 42to nozzle 60. Influent end 62 provides a connection 80 for attachingconduit 61 to flow line 42.

FIGS. 5-7 illustrate the spray pattern 76 that strikes the wall of drum57 of extractor 20 as emitted by nozzle 60. In FIGS. 6 and 7, extractor20 provides a drum 57 that provides a chamber 55 having an inlet 56.Clothes, textiles, linens to be sprayed are discharged from tunnelwasher 11 via chute 79 into the chamber 55 of extractor 20. Theextractor 20 is preferably movable between a loading and dischargingposition. The loading position is shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. In the loadingposition, clothes transfer from the tunnel washer 11 to the chamber 55via chute 79. Pumps 54 can be used to aid in the transfer of water fromtank 43 or starch from tank 41 into chamber 55 via nozzle 60. The spraynozzle 60 produces a spray pattern 76 that extends substantially acrossthe cylindrical wall 58 of drum 57 as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. Drum 57thus provides an inlet 56 for enabling clothing, textiles, or otherfabric articles to be added to the drum 57 interior 55 and a rearcircular wall 59. Notice in FIGS. 6 and 7 that the spray pattern 76extends generally from inlet 56 to circular wall 59, thus extendingsubstantially across cylindric wall 58 as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. Arrow77 in FIG. 7 illustrates the width of spray pattern 76 which can beabout 16 degrees as an example along cylindrical drum wall 58.

A mounting plate 65 can be provided having one or more openings 66 forattaching (for example, bolting) spray nozzle 60 to extractor 20 or to aframe that supports extractor 20.

The discharge end portion 63 of spray nozzle 60 provides a nozzle tip67. The nozzle tip 67 provides a nozzle outlet 70 formed by side plates71, 72, upper plate 73 and lower plate 74. Atomizing water nozzle 68, 69are provided next to nozzle outlet 70. The atomizing water nozzle 68 ismounted to upper plate 73. The atomizing water nozzle 69 is mounted tolower plate 74 as shown in FIGS. 8-10. Spray nozzle 60 can be equippedwith aerating or atomizing nozzles 68, 69 to control the consistency ofthe starch in the nozzle 60, thus preventing starch build-up which mighteventually plug of the nozzle 60.

As part of the method of the present invention, all starch flow lines42, 60 can be purged with hot water from fresh water tank via flow line75.

The following is a list of parts and materials suitable for use in thepresent invention.

PARTS LIST Part Number Description 10 textile washing apparatus 11tunnel washer 12 inlet end portion 13 outlet end portion 14 module 15module 16 module 17 module 18 module 19 hopper 20 extractor 21 flow line22 arrow 23 arrow 24 arrow 25 flow line    25A arrow    25B arrow    25Carrow 26 arrow - chemical addition 27 arrow - chemical addition    27Aarrow - chemical addition 28 arrow - textile transfer 29 spray rinseflow line 30 arrow 31 extractor water 32 flow line 33 outlet valve 34arrow 35 module 36 module 37 module 38 module 39 module 40 textilewashing apparatus 41 starch tank 42 flow line 43 fresh water tank 44valve 45 valve 46 valve 47 valve 48 valve 49 flow line 50 flow line 51extracted water tank 52 starch recovery tank 53 flow line 54 pump 55chamber 56 inlet 57 drum 58 cylindrical drum wall 59 circular drum wall60 spray nozzle 61 conduit 62 influent end 63 discharge end 64 bore 65mounting plate 66 opening 67 nozzle tip 68 atomizing water nozzle 69atomizing water nozzle 70 nozzle outlet 71 side plate 72 side plate 73upper plate 74 lower plate 75 flow line 76 spray pattern 77 arrow 78drum moving mechanism 79 chute

All measurements disclosed herein are at standard temperature andpressure, at sea level on Earth, unless indicated otherwise. Allmaterials used or intended to be used in a human being arebiocompatible, unless indicated otherwise.

The foregoing embodiments are presented by way of example only; thescope of the present invention is to be limited only by the followingclaims.

1. A method of washing fabric articles in a continuous batch tunnelwasher, comprising the steps of: a) providing a continuous batch tunnelwasher having an interior, an intake, a discharge, and a plurality ofmodules that divide the interior into a plurality of zones that includepre-wash, main wash and rinse zones; b) moving the fabric articles fromthe intake to one or more modules that are a pre-wash zone; c) counterflowing liquid in the washer interior along a flow path that isgenerally opposite the direction of travel of the fabric articles instep “b”; d) transferring the fabric articles to a main wash zone; e)adding a washing chemical to the main wash zone; f) reducing counterflow during step “e”; g) increasing counter flow after step “f” todefine a first rinse in a rinse zone; h) using an extractor to removeexcess water after step “g”; and i) during step “h” rinsing the fabricarticles to define a second rinse.
 2. The method of claim 1 furthercomprising spraying the rinse water into the extractor in step “i”. 3.The method of claim 1 wherein in step “f” counter flow is substantiallystopped.
 4. The method of claim 3 wherein the extractor has a rotarydrum with a side wall and an end wall, and wherein the spray has a spraypattern that extends across the drum sidewall.
 5. The method of claim 3wherein the rinse fluid of step “i” is sprayed from a position outsidethe drum.
 6. The method of claim 1 further comprising the step ofheating the main wash zone before step “g”.
 7. The method of claim 1further comprising transferring heat to the main wash zone in step “f”.8. The method of claim 1 wherein counter flow is reduced in step “f” fora time period that is less than about five minutes.
 9. The method ofclaim 1 wherein counter flow is reduced in step “f” for a time periodthat is less than about three minutes.
 10. The method of claim 1 whereincounter flow is reduced in step “f” for a time period that is less thanabout two minutes.
 11. The method of claim 1 wherein the counter flow isreduced in step “f” for a time period of between about twenty and onehundred twenty (20-120) seconds.
 12. The method of claim 1 wherein instep “f” the added washing chemical is heated to a temperature ofbetween about 140 and 190 degrees Fahrenheit.
 13. The method of claim 1wherein the counter flow in step “g” the counter flow extends throughmultiple of the modules.
 14. The method of claim 1 wherein the main washzone includes multiple modules.
 15. The method of claim 1 wherein therinse zone includes multiple modules.
 16. The method of claim 1 whereinthe main wash zone and rinse zone each include multiple modules.
 17. Themethod of claim 1 wherein the main wash zone and rinse zone include thesame modules.
 18. A method of washing fabric articles in a continuousbatch tunnel washer, comprising the steps of: a) providing a continuousbatch tunnel washer having an interior, an intake, a discharge, and aplurality of modules that divide the interior into a plurality of zonesthat include pre-wash, main wash and rinse zones; b) moving the fabricarticles from the intake to one or more modules that are a pre-washzone; c) counter flowing liquid in the washer interior along a flow paththat is generally opposite the direction of travel of the fabricarticles in step “b”; d) transferring the fabric articles to a main washzone; e) adding a washing chemical to the main wash zone; f) after thewashing chemical reaches chemical equilibrium, resuming counter flow andwherein counter flow does not substantially dilute the washing chemicalin step “e” until after a selected time interval; g) increasing counterflow after step “f” to define a first rinse in a rinse zone; h) using anextractor to remove excess water after step “g”; and i) during step “h”rinsing the fabric articles to define a second rinse.
 19. The method ofclaim 18 further comprising spraying the rinse water into the extractorin step “i”.
 20. The method of claim 18 wherein in step “f” counter flowis substantially stopped.
 21. The method of claim 20 wherein theextractor has a rotary drum with a side wall and an end wall, andwherein the spray has a spray pattern that extends across the drumsidewall.
 22. The method of claim 20 wherein the rinse fluid of step “i”is sprayed from a position outside the drum.
 23. The method of claim 18wherein the rinse fluid of step “i” is sprayed from a position outsideof the drum.
 24. The method of claim 18 further comprising adding starchto the fabric articles during step “h”.
 25. The method of claim 18further comprising adding starch to the fabric articles after step “h”.26. The method of claim 24 wherein the starch is sprayed.
 27. The methodof claim 25 wherein the starch is sprayed.